Trichomoniasis –
This infection is caused by a one-celled protozoan organism. Trichomoniasis is almost always spread through sexual contact. However, the protozoan organism can survive for up to twenty-four hours in a moist environment, making wet towels or bathing suits possible instruments of transmission from someone with the infection.
Most men and some women don't display any symptoms, which may include:
- Yellow/green, frothy, discharge
- Foul odor with discharge
- Increased amount of discharge
- Inflammation of vulva/vagina
- Increased frequency of urination
- Itching
The treatment used is the oral antibiotic, metronidazole. Remember - no alcohol consumption when taking the medication and for 48 hours after treatment! It is recommended that both partners be treated at the same time to avoid recurrent infections. Partners should be treated even if they aren't displaying any symptoms. Avoid intercourse until treatment is completed.
Monilia (Yeast) Infection
There is normally a small amount of yeast (Candida albicans) present in the vagina. A yeast infection occurs when there is an overabundance of yeast, often caused by a change in the pH balance of the vagina. Yeast infections are not usually sexually transmitted.
Some factors that may increase susceptibility to yeast infections:
- Increased stress
- Use of oral contraceptives
- Diabetes
- Pregnancy
- Use of antibiotics (protective bacteria are destroyed by antibiotics, allowing yeast overgrowth)
- Signs and symptoms
- Increased amount of discharge
- White, clumpy (cottage cheese-like), discharge
- Redness, itching, burning in vaginal/vulvar area
Since yeast is normally present in the vagina, it is unrealistic to try to eliminate all yeast. Therefore, the goal of treatment is to reduce the overgrowth of yeast organisms and return the vagina to a healthy balance. Treatment consists of antifungal agents in the form of tablets, vaginal creams or suppositories. Over-the-counter treatments are available. However, if you are pregnant, always be sure to have any medications approved by a health care provider. Partners are not usually treated unless they are displaying symptoms such as itching or irritation in the genital area. Treatment for male partners consists of the use of fungicidal cream on the penis.
Prevention And Treatment Guidelines For Vaginal Infections
- Have new partners wear condoms during sexual intercourse.
- Stay healthy; eat well, get enough sleep, drink enough fluids.
- Keep vaginal area clean and dry.
- Wear cotton underwear.
- Wipe from front to back after urination or bowel movement.
- Avoid using deodorant pads or tampons.
- Don't use petroleum jelly or other oils for lubricants.
- Don't douche.
- Use medication as long as directed.
- Avoid sexual intercourse until treatment is completed and you are symptom free.
- Don't scratch infected or inflamed areas; it can cause further irritation.
- If using medication inside the vagina, use it during the menstrual period.
- During an infection, use pads rather than tampons if menstruation occurs.
- Avoid vulvo/vaginal irritants, including perfumed or deodorant soaps/body washes.
If symptoms persist after completing the treatment, an exam is indicated. Call for an appointment, and please use nothing in the vagina for 48 hours prior to your exam.
Contribution: McKinley Health Centre, Illinois
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